Upgraded China–Peru FTA takes effect with a new supply-chain chapter

The protocol upgrading the China–Peru free trade agreement took effect on November 1, China’s Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) said. Talks began in November 2018 and the text was signed on November 14, 2024. The original 2009 agreement was China’s first comprehensive FTA with a Latin American country.

The protocol revises seven chapters (rules of origin, customs and facilitation, SPS measures, intellectual property, services, temporary entry of business people and investment) and adds five: standards and conformity assessment, competition, e-commerce, global supply chains and environment. According to MOFCOM, the supply-chain chapter encourages multimodal transport and foreign-trade logistics corridors.

China is Peru’s largest trading partner, and Peru is China’s fourth-largest partner in Latin America. Bilateral trade reached US$50.4 billion in 2025, up from US$6.4 billion in 2009, MOFCOM said. Chinese customs issued revised rules of origin: Peruvian consignments with a dutiable value up to US$600 need no certificate of origin; on the Chinese side, consignments up to US$600 can use an exporter’s origin declaration. Certificates are now self-printed.

On the same day, Shenzhen customs issued the first certificate under the upgraded agreement, to confectionery maker Amos (阿麦斯食品), with an estimated tariff saving of about 19,000 yuan at Peruvian import. The new certificate can bundle multiple invoices and no longer has a 20-item limit, China News Service reported.

CSP take: for importers and traders serving Brazil and the Pacific from Peru, simpler origin rules cut paperwork costs. Watch whether the supply-chain chapter turns into new direct routes. This reading is ours, not MOFCOM’s.